The Nigerian Meteorological Agency, NiMet, has warned residents in 11 states to remain vigilant against cerebrospinal meningitis, citing an elevated risk of outbreaks.
In a public health advisory issued on Thursday, the agency listed Sokoto, Zamfara, Kebbi, Katsina, Kano, Jigawa, Adamawa, Gombe, Bauchi, Yobe, and Borno as high-risk areas.
NiMet called on residents to take preventive measures to reduce the spread of the potentially life-threatening infection. Cerebrospinal meningitis, NiMet explained in a statement on its official X account, is a serious infection affecting the brain and spinal cord, most commonly caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis.
It spreads through respiratory droplets, particularly in crowded or poorly ventilated environments. “The disease can progress rapidly and may become life-threatening within hours if untreated,” the agency noted. However, it added that early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic treatment significantly improve survival and reduce complications.
Residents in central states were advised to exercise moderate vigilance, while Plateau, Oyo, Cross River, Edo, Ekiti, and Enugu were classified as low-risk areas. NiMet highlighted that children and young adults, individuals living in overcrowded settings, people exposed to dry and dusty environments, and those with weakened immune systems are particularly vulnerable.
The agency urged the public to recognize early symptoms of the disease, including sudden high fever, severe headache, neck stiffness, nausea or vomiting, and sensitivity to light, and to seek immediate medical care if any of these occur.
To reduce the risk of infection, NiMet recommended vaccination, maintaining good hygiene, avoiding overcrowding, and ensuring proper ventilation in homes, schools, and public spaces.
“Protect yourself and your community. Early awareness, vaccination, and prompt treatment save lives,” the agency said, calling for widespread community participation in health awareness campaigns.”
